Summer Balma

It measures the ability to dissipate water vapor and body heat. The system grades performance: a Grade 1 provides basic breathability, appropriate for protective materials for normal urban use, while a Grade 5 ensures maximum vapor escape during intense exertion, achievable, for example, with high-performance membranes (e.g., >20,000g/m²) or special active fabrics.

It measures the ability to block cold air flows. The score reflects the degree of shielding: a Grade 1 provides maximum ventilation (a typical feature, for example, of "Air Permeable" structures), up to a Grade 5 for absolute insulation against gusts, which can be achieved through "Total Block" membranes or very high-density weave fabrics.

It indicates the level of body temperature maintenance and thermal insulation. The scale rates the intensity of protection: a Grade 1 indicates light insulation, often characterized by the absence of padding or thin linings, while a Grade 5 certifies extreme warmth, which can be provided by materials such as goose down with 800+ Fill Power or ultra-high-weight synthetic insulation.

Assesses the effectiveness of the barrier against rain and moisture. The grading (1 to 5) measures the actual level of protection: a Grade 1 can be found, for example, in basic fabrics with high permeability, while a Grade 5 indicates total impermeability, a result that can be achieved by using solutions such as three-layer (3L) membranes combined with fully taped seams or equivalent technologies.

It analyzes the specific weight and packability of the garment. Grading defines practicality of transport and packability: a Grade 1 is generally assigned to outerwear that emphasizes weight and structure, while a Grade 5 indicates maximum agility, typical (but not exclusive) of "Ultralight" garments, designed with minimalist designs and easily foldable materials.